Limitations and Advantages of Budget Advantages of Budget Some of the advantages of budget are: 5) Co-ordination: The working of different departments and sectors is properly co-ordinated. The budget of various departments has…
Elements of Planning The various elements of planning are as follows: 1) Environmental Scanning and Assumptions: Environmental scanning is the organised method that management uses to…
Types of Planning
SPAN OF MANAGEMENT Meaning of Span of Management The span of control or span of management means the number of subordinates placed under the direct supervision and…
Factors Affecting Span of Control There are the following determinants of the span of management: 1) Capacity of Superior Each manager has different abilities and capacities in…
Informal Organisation An informal organisation is a system of social relations, which naturally emerges on its own within the formal organisation to meet the cultural and social needs of…
Formal Organisation A formal organization is purposefully designed to achieve some particular objectives. It refers to the structure of well defined-jobs, each bearing a definite measure of responsibility, authority and…
Organisational Chart A graphic representation of how authority and responsibility are distributed within a company or other organization is also called an org chart. An organisational chart is a diagram…
Functions of Management Management is an activity consisting of a distinct process – the management process – which is primarily concerned with the important task of goal achievement.…
Process of Organising The process of organising may be described as the managerial function of organising. It consists in making a rational division of work into groups of activities…